The Prairie Creek Site (archaeologically designated as 12Da9) is a premier late Pleistocene and early Holocene paleontological and archaeological site located in Daviess County, Indiana. Listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1975, the site is situated within an alluvial basin along Prairie Creek, where deep, waterlogged sediments created an exceptional preservation environment. Discovered during local channelization projects, subsequent scientific excavations revealed highly stratified organic deposits that chronicle the dramatic environmental and ecological transitions occurring in the American Midwest at the end of the last Ice Age, spanning from approximately 15,000 to 10,000 years ago.

The historical and scientific significance of the Prairie Creek Site lies in its rare and rich co-occurrence of well-preserved fossil fauna and early human cultural remains. The site has yielded one of the most diverse late Pleistocene faunal assemblages in the Midwest, including the remains of extinct megafauna such as mastodons, giant beavers, flat-headed peccaries, and caribou, alongside Paleoindian and Early Archaic stone and bone tools. This exceptional stratigraphic sequence has provided researchers with invaluable data for studying the timing and causes of megafaunal extinctions, reconstructing post-glacial climates and vegetative shifts, and understanding the adaptation and subsistence strategies of Indiana's earliest human inhabitants.